Noun
Noun
A noun gives names to things, whether the thing has life or not.
So
A noun is a naming word.
Example of things that have life:
1. *Human being*
Woman(female) - Stella, Jane, Aisha and more.
Man(male) - Muhammad, Peter, Jack and more.
2. *Animals* - Goats, hens, dogs and more.
3. *Plants too have life* because they can grow and die - flower, trees, shrubs, etc.
Example of things that don't have life.
1. *Things you can touch* e.g: pen, bag, buildings, cars and other vehicles and more.
2. *Things you cannot touch* Idea, thought, air, happiness, news and more.
The types of Noun.
1. Common noun
2. Proper noun
3. Concrete and Abstract noun
4. Countable noun and Uncountable noun
5. Collective noun
1. Common noun
They are used generally without it belonging to one person only.
E.g: Boy, woman, goat, dog, animal.
Every young man around the age of six can be called a boy.
But we can not call every man around that age Frederick, can we?
2. Proper noun
Frederick is therefore a proper noun because it belongs to a particular set of male humans.
More example of proper noun:
James, Amina, Tom,
Apart from names of people, proper nouns can be names of rivers, names of places and things.
E.g:
*country* is a common noun.
But
*China* is a proper noun.
3. Concrete and Abstract noun
*Concrete nouns* are things we can touch.
E.g: bags, shoes, pencils.
*Abstract nouns* are things we cannot touch. E.g: Air, thought, news, laughter, anger, sadness, heartbreak and more.
So anything you can touch is a concrete noun.
And
Anything you can not touch is an abstract noun.
Okay?
4. Countable and uncountable nouns
*Countable nouns* are the things we can count. E.g: Finger, person, animals, books and more.
*Uncountable nouns* are the things we cannot count. E.g: Water, oil, news, salt and more.
⚠
But note, there is a way by which we can count uncountable nouns, and the way is known as *partitives*
Partitives include the use of modifiers.
E.g: We cannot count water, wine, oil, news, salt, sugar.
*so*
It is wrong to say, "give me a water, give me two salts, I want sugars."
*but* with the help of partitives such as some, a little, a lot of, more, etc.
We can say, "give me a little water. Give me some wine, a lot of oil, some news, a salt, more sugar."
5. Collective nouns
They help to group things. E.g: Crowd, herd, army, Bunch, school, etc.
E.g: A herd of cattle.
A battalion of soldiers.
A bunch of keys.
A fleet of cars.
A bouquet of flowers.
A swarm of bees
A crowd of people.
A forest of trees.
A galaxy of stars.
A pack of cards.
A pair of shoes.
A school/shoal of fish.
For uncountable nouns:
A cup/tank of *water*
A bottle/glass of *wine*
Five litres/kegs of *oil*
A piece of good/sad *news*
A handful/pinch of *salt*
Two tablespoons/teaspoons of *sugar*
A heap/truck of *sand*
6. Compound Nouns
Compound nouns are simply a word which has a combination of two or more words.
1.Black+board = Blackboard.
2. Cup+board = cupboard.
3. Foot+ball = football.
1.Black+board = Blackboard.
2. Cup+board = cupboard.
3. Foot+ball = football.
Others, they may be connected with a hyphen(-)
1. Son-in-law
2. Passerby
3. Wellbeing or well-being
4. Good-looking
and more...
*What you first need to know about the nouns*
Most singular nouns are made plural by simply putting an -s at the end. There are many different rules regarding pluralization depending on what letter a noun ends in. Irregular nouns do not follow plural noun rules, so they must be memorized or looked up in the dictionary.
So we have regular and irregular nouns.
Regular nouns get their plural form in similar ways.
But irregular forms have different ways of getting their plural forms.
1.
To make regular nouns plural, add ‑s to the end.
cat – cats
house – houses
2.
If the singular noun ends in ‑s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z, add ‑es to the end to make it plural.
truss – trusses
bus – buses
marsh – marshes
lunch – lunches
tax – taxes
3.
In some cases, singular nouns ending in -s or -z, require that you double the -s or -z before adding the -es for pluralization.
fez – fezzes
gas –gasses
4.
If the noun ends with ‑f or ‑fe, the f is often changed to ‑ve before adding the -s to form the plural version.
wife – wives
wolf – wolves
Exceptions: Meaning some just take only -s
roof – roofs
belief – beliefs
chef – chefs
chief – chiefs
*Let's pick out some nouns in some sentences.*
*A short passage:*
There is an old dilapidated building two electric poles away. A man suffering from hallucinations lives there. At times, some smokers and drug addicts go there to smoke and take their hard drugs. I was told by a friend that the building belonged to a corrupted politician who had been caught and sent to jail.
*The nouns in the passage are:*
Building
Electric poles
Man
Hallucinations
Smokers
Drug addicts
Hard drugs
Friend
Politician
Jail
*Another passage.*
Two days ago, when I and my brother-in-law, Hilary went to my grandmother's grave with a bouquet of flowers, I saw my state governor and his convoy on the highway at Jos. Their fleet of cars were all brand new. The exotic black cars had tinted windows. I and the other passersby were stunned at the sight.
By the roadside, I saw two herdsmen controlling their herd of cattle with long wooden rods.
*The nouns in the passage*
Days
Brother-in-law
Hilary
Grandmother
Grave
A bouquet of flowers
State governor
Convoy
Highway
Jos
Fleet of cars
Cars
Windows
Passersby
Sight
Roadside
Herdsmen
Herd of cattle
Rods
*Now, classify each of the nouns above under types of noun.*
1. Son-in-law
2. Passerby
3. Wellbeing or well-being
4. Good-looking
and more...
*What you first need to know about the nouns*
Most singular nouns are made plural by simply putting an -s at the end. There are many different rules regarding pluralization depending on what letter a noun ends in. Irregular nouns do not follow plural noun rules, so they must be memorized or looked up in the dictionary.
So we have regular and irregular nouns.
Regular nouns get their plural form in similar ways.
But irregular forms have different ways of getting their plural forms.
1.
To make regular nouns plural, add ‑s to the end.
cat – cats
house – houses
2.
If the singular noun ends in ‑s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z, add ‑es to the end to make it plural.
truss – trusses
bus – buses
marsh – marshes
lunch – lunches
tax – taxes
3.
In some cases, singular nouns ending in -s or -z, require that you double the -s or -z before adding the -es for pluralization.
fez – fezzes
gas –gasses
4.
If the noun ends with ‑f or ‑fe, the f is often changed to ‑ve before adding the -s to form the plural version.
wife – wives
wolf – wolves
Exceptions: Meaning some just take only -s
roof – roofs
belief – beliefs
chef – chefs
chief – chiefs
*Let's pick out some nouns in some sentences.*
*A short passage:*
There is an old dilapidated building two electric poles away. A man suffering from hallucinations lives there. At times, some smokers and drug addicts go there to smoke and take their hard drugs. I was told by a friend that the building belonged to a corrupted politician who had been caught and sent to jail.
*The nouns in the passage are:*
Building
Electric poles
Man
Hallucinations
Smokers
Drug addicts
Hard drugs
Friend
Politician
Jail
*Another passage.*
Two days ago, when I and my brother-in-law, Hilary went to my grandmother's grave with a bouquet of flowers, I saw my state governor and his convoy on the highway at Jos. Their fleet of cars were all brand new. The exotic black cars had tinted windows. I and the other passersby were stunned at the sight.
By the roadside, I saw two herdsmen controlling their herd of cattle with long wooden rods.
*The nouns in the passage*
Days
Brother-in-law
Hilary
Grandmother
Grave
A bouquet of flowers
State governor
Convoy
Highway
Jos
Fleet of cars
Cars
Windows
Passersby
Sight
Roadside
Herdsmen
Herd of cattle
Rods
*Now, classify each of the nouns above under types of noun.*
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